Dialect:-

Dialect:-

           

            Descriptive linguistics deals with the design of the language of some community at a given time, ignoring the inter personal and intergroup difference. Synchronic Linguistics includes descriptive linguistics and certain further types of investigation., particularity, synchronic dialectology which studies the inter-personal and inter-group differences of speech habits.

            A regional temporal or social variety within a single language is known as a dialect. It is a specific form of a language spoken in a certain locality or an area. It reveals many differences from the literary standard of that language. It differs in pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary from the standard language. Regional dialects are spoken by the people of the particular area. They are spoken within particular speech communities. For example,

1.      Cockney is a well-known dialect of the Londoners but with the spread of population education it is not so widely spoken by the people as before.

2.      The same is the case with the Dutch and the German dialects.

            “Dialect is a specific form of a given language spoken in certain locality or geographic area showing sufficient difference form the standard of literary form of that language, as to pronunciation, grammatical construction and idiomatic use of words to be considered a distinct entity, yet not sufficiently distinct form other dialects to language to be regarded as a different language.”

            Sociolect and social dialect or class dialect on the other hand are spoken the members of a particular group or stratum of a speech community. A variety of langue used at a particular stage in its historical development may be called temporal dialect.

e.g. Prakrit and Pali ere the well-known dialects in the ancient India.

            Dialects are dialects not because of linguistic reason, but because of political and cultural reasons. A dialect is a variety of a language.

1. Brijbhasha, Avadhi, Bhojpuri, and Khari Boli are some of the dialects of Hindi,
2. Coasta Nadhra, and Telengana of Telugu;
3. Surti and Ahmedabadi of Gujarati,
4. Mysore, Dharwar, or Manglor of Kannad.

            According to Sapir, There is no real difference between a dialect and language.” Greirson also points out that it is difficult to decide where given speech is to be locked upon as an independent language or as a dialect. There is no universal agreement on this question. The words ‘language and dialect’ are like ‘mountian and hill’. We can not draw a sharp diving lien between the Everest and the Himalaya.

            Thus a dialect is an abstraction of a language but it covers a fewer people. It takes us close to a group of speakers. The lower limit of a dialect comes down to the individual speakers. For this purposes, we use the word “idiolect’.